Pour sesame oil into a spacious pot and heat it gently over medium heat. Sauté garlic, ginger, and the white part of the scallions for 1–2 minutes until fragrant.
Add the vegetable broth, soy sauce, miso paste, shiitake mushrooms, and kombu. Mix thoroughly and allow the mixture to come to a soft simmer. Let it cook for 20–30 minutes.
While the broth simmers, heat oil in a skillet and pan-fry tofu cubes until golden and crispy on all sides. Set aside.
Prepare the ramen noodles in a separate pot, following the instructions on the package. Drain and rinse under cool water to prevent sticking.
Lightly blanch or steam bok choy. Shred carrots and set other toppings aside.
Divide noodles between bowls. Ladle hot broth over them. Top with tofu, bok choy, carrots, corn, and your favorite garnishes.
Drizzle with chili oil or sriracha if desired, sprinkle with sesame seeds and green scallions, and serve hot!